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A Monitoring Plan That Follows the Protocol Risk

A usable monitoring plan tells reviewers what matters, which evidence to examine and when to change the approach. A calendar of visits alone cannot explain.

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A usable monitoring plan tells reviewers what matters, which evidence to examine and when to change the approach. A calendar of visits alone cannot explain how participant protection and reliable results are overseen.

Map critical processes

Map protocol-specific critical processes to a monitoring method: central checks, remote review or site visits. Define responsibility for consent process oversight, eligibility, safety reporting and endpoint collection. Explain which risks require direct discussion with the investigator.

Follow a missed assessment

For a time-sensitive endpoint assessment, specify the relevant source, review window, failure signal and escalation path. Link the monitoring finding to its resolution evidence. Distinguish an activity completed from a concern resolved, particularly when several teams share the action.

Monitoring plan checks

  • State triggers for additional review or a change in visit frequency.
  • Describe access arrangements and privacy controls before remote review.
  • Define report review, action ownership and closure evidence.

Test the plan against a scenario

Accept the plan after a reviewer can apply it to one plausible missed-assessment scenario without inventing decision rules. Revisit the plan after meaningful protocol or risk changes and preserve the reason for the revised oversight approach. Ask a newly assigned monitor to apply the plan; identify critical steps that still depend on unwritten personal experience before approving wider use.

Frequently asked questions

Must every site have the same visit schedule?
Use a justified approach reflecting study and site risks, with appropriate oversight.
Does fewer SDV checks mean less oversight?
Not necessarily; assess the combined monitoring activities and the risks they address.

Sources

  1. FDA — Risk-based monitoring questions and answers, April 2023
  2. EMA — ICH E6 good clinical practice